How do birds contribute to seed dispersal?

Birds play a significant role in seed dispersal primarily through their consumption of fruits. When birds eat fruits, they often consume the seeds contained within them. After the seeds have passed through the bird's digestive system, they are excreted at a different location, often far from the parent plant. This process not only helps to disperse the seeds over a wider area but also aids in their germination due to the digestive enzymes that may break down the seed coat or provide nutrients.

This mechanism of seed dispersal is beneficial for plant species as it promotes genetic diversity and colonization of new habitats. The transportation of seeds by birds can lead to the establishment of plants in areas that may be more suitable for growth, thus enhancing the overall health and distribution of plant populations in an ecosystem.