Mendel's laws include which of the following principles?

The answer is based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel, who is known as the father of genetics. Mendel's work with pea plants led him to formulate two key laws: the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment.

The law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each trait. This explains how offspring can inherit different traits from each parent while still adhering to the predictable patterns of inheritance that Mendel observed.

The law of independent assortment states that the alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another. This means that the inheritance of one trait generally does not influence the inheritance of another trait, assuming the genes are located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome.

Understanding these laws is crucial in genetics as they form the foundation for predicting inheritance patterns in offspring, and they have significant implications in fields such as agriculture, medicine, and understanding genetic diseases.

The other choices, while they might refer to important concepts in biology or genetics, do not accurately reflect Mendel's established principles. For instance, the concept of conservation is more aligned with physics and thermodynamics