What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the outcome of an experiment. It serves as a starting point for scientific investigation, guiding the research process by proposing a possible relationship between variables. When formulating a hypothesis, it should be specific, measurable, and falsifiable, allowing for the collection of data to support or refute it through experimentation.

In scientific practice, the hypothesis is crucial as it sets the direction for the study and helps identify what data needs to be collected. This makes the hypothesis essential for the scientific method, where researchers design experiments based on their predictions, verify them with evidence, and then draw conclusions.

In contrast, other choices represent different concepts in science. A conclusion drawn from experiment results pertains to the outcome after testing a hypothesis, while a theory that has been proven correct implies a broader explanation that has withstood extensive testing and validation. A set of observations relates more to data collection rather than establishing a predictive statement.