What is primarily responsible for the deterioration of the ozone layer?

The deterioration of the ozone layer is primarily caused by bromine and chlorine, which are found in various man-made chemicals, particularly chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). When these chemicals are released into the atmosphere, they gradually rise and reach the stratosphere, where the ozone layer is located. Once in the stratosphere, ultraviolet (UV) radiation breaks down CFCs, releasing chlorine atoms.

These chlorine atoms then react with ozone (O3) molecules, facilitating a process that converts ozone into oxygen (O2), thus depleting the ozone layer. This reaction can occur repeatedly, meaning a single chlorine atom can destroy thousands of ozone molecules over time.

This understanding emphasizes the significant role of human-made compounds in ozone depletion, demonstrating how specific elements like bromine and chlorine can disrupt natural processes and affect the environment on a large scale.