What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Decomposers play a crucial role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organisms and recycling nutrients. After plants, animals, and other living organisms die, decomposers such as fungi, bacteria, and some insects break down the organic matter. This decomposition process not only helps to return essential nutrients, like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, back into the soil but also makes these nutrients available for uptake by plants. This cycling of nutrients is vital for maintaining soil fertility and supporting new plant growth, which in turn sustains the entire food web. The role of decomposers is therefore foundational for ecosystem health and productivity, as they contribute to the balance and sustainability of the environment.