Which environmental factor is crucial in maintaining healthy ecosystems?

Biodiversity is crucial in maintaining healthy ecosystems because it refers to the variety of life forms, including different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the genetic diversity within those species and the ecosystems they form. High levels of biodiversity contribute to ecosystem resilience, allowing communities to adapt to changes such as climate fluctuations, disease outbreaks, and habitat destruction. They provide ecosystem services that are vital for human survival, such as pollination, water purification, and soil fertility.

In ecosystems with rich biodiversity, species often fulfill multiple roles and functions, which helps stabilize the ecosystem's structure and processes. The interconnectedness and interdependence among species support food webs and nutrient cycling, demonstrating that ecosystems thrive when they are diverse. Promoting biodiversity also enhances the chances of discovering new resources, including medicines and agricultural varieties, making it a key factor in sustainable environmental health.