Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?

Leaves are the part of the plant primarily responsible for photosynthesis due to their high concentration of chlorophyll, the green pigment that captures sunlight. This process occurs in specialized cells within the leaves known as mesophyll, which contain chloroplasts. During photosynthesis, leaves convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight as an energy source.

The structure of leaves, with their broad, flat surfaces, also maximizes the area available for capturing sunlight. This adaptation, combined with small openings called stomata that allow for gas exchange, makes leaves the ideal site for this vital process. Other parts of the plant, such as the roots, stem, and flowers, play crucial roles in supporting the plant's overall function and reproduction but are not directly involved in the photosynthetic process.