Which rock type is typically formed from previously weathered and eroded materials?

Sedimentary rock is typically formed from previously weathered and eroded materials that have been transported, deposited, and compacted over time. These materials include fragments of other rocks, minerals, and organic matter that accumulate in layers, often in bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, or oceans. As more sediments build up, the weight of the overlying material compacts the lower layers, and minerals may precipitate from water to bind these particles together, lithifying the sediment into solid rock.

In contrast, metamorphic rock forms from existing rocks that have been altered by heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids, which typically does not involve the direct process of weathering and erosion from surface environments. Igneous rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava) and also does not derive from weathered materials. The term "figurative rock" does not correspond to a recognized category of rock in geology, making it irrelevant in this context. Thus, sedimentary rock is uniquely characterized by its origin from weathered and eroded materials.